Prostate cancer is the predominant form of cancer affecting men. The prostate is a small gland present in the frontal part of the rectum. The gland cells mainly produce prostate fluid added to the semen secreted by the seminal vesicles.

Prostate carcinoma is characterized as the adenocarcinoma, predominantly affecting the older age group. It has been estimated that 1 in every 9 men are affected by prostate carcinoma in their lifetime.

• In the first stage of prostate cancer, the tumor is confined in the prostate that can be easily diagnosed by having the maximum survival rates. The disease is also evident by 80% through the examination procedure.
• The next stage is detectable through physical examination while a tumor is still limited in the area. In this stage, the cancer cell proliferates at a faster pace.
• The third stage is when a cancerous tumor expands beyond its restricted territory. This is supplemented by some advanced complications as the cells invade the adjacent areas.
• In the last stage of cancer, the cancer cells proliferate at a faster pace and spread to multiple lymph nodes, bladder, liver, and bones.

What are the causes of prostate cancer?
The cause of prostate cancer is yet not clearly established. These are commonly similar to that of any kind of carcinoma where the cells divide limitlessly due to some mutations that are caused in the DNA. The cancer cell has characteristic features of remaining immortal and grows. The abnormal cell gradually accumulates to invade the adjacent tissue turning them cancerous. This spreading results in the malignancies. Some of the causes that can incline to cause the prostate carcinoma are;

• This is much prone in the older age group as the strict regulation of the cell machinery is lost.
• The family history may deduce the occurrence of the prostate cancer that is due to the continuous manipulation of the BRCA1 and the BRCA2 genes.
• The statistical survey has determined prostate carcinoma is more pronounced and aggressive in the black skinned people.
• The overweight and obese people may be struck with prostate carcinoma.

What are the symptoms of prostate cancer?
The early signs of the occurrence of the disease are not distinctly marked by any symptoms. The symptoms of prostate carcinoma include;

• There may be traces of blood found in the semen.
• The stream of urine may be thin and the force is decreased during the occurrence of prostate cancer.
• The patient may experience trouble while urinating and ejaculating.
• There may be discomfort and pain in the pelvic region.
• Some other instances of bone pain and erectile dysfunction may be prominent with the severity of the disease.

How can prostate cancer be treated?
There are various treatment measures adopted by the doctor based on the severity of the disease;

• The best-accepted way to treat prostate cancer is by removing the prostate gland by surgery. It is done when a tumor is restricted in the gland.
• Chemotherapy is mostly used for treating prostate cancer. Oral or intravenous medicines are given to shrink the size of a tumor and kill the cancerous cell.
• Radiation therapy uses the high-energizing X radiation to kill the cancer cells restricted in a single area.